Intramural virtual electrodes (IVE) are believed to play an important role in defibrillation, however their nature is still un
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High-resolution optical mapping of intramural virtual electrodes in porcine left ventricular wall.
OBJECTIVE It is believed that shock-induced intramural virtual electrodes (IVE) play a critical role in defibrillation. IVE were recently demonstrated in the porcine left ventricle (LV), but their origin remains unknown. Macroscopic optical mapping showed that strong shocks induce IVE of only one polarity, which contradicts theoretical predictions. It is hypothesized that IVE have a microscopic...
متن کاملIntramural virtual electrodes in ventricular wall: effects on epicardial polarizations.
BACKGROUND Intramural virtual electrodes (IVEs) are believed to play an important role in defibrillation, but their existence in intact myocardium remains unproven. Here, IVEs were detected by use of optical recordings of shock-induced transmembrane potential (V(m)) changes (DeltaV(m)) measured from the intact epicardial heart surface. METHODS AND RESULTS To detect IVEs, isolated porcine left...
متن کاملBidomain Predictions of Virtual Electrode-Induced Make and Break Excitations around Blood Vessels
INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND Virtual electrodes formed by field stimulation during defibrillation of cardiac tissue play an important role in eliciting activations. It has been suggested that the coronary vasculature is an important source of virtual electrodes, especially during low-energy defibrillation. This work aims to further the understanding of how virtual electrodes from the coronary va...
متن کاملIntramural virtual electrodes during defibrillation shocks in left ventricular wall assessed by optical mapping of membrane potential.
BACKGROUND It is believed that defibrillation is due to shock-induced changes of transmembrane potential (DeltaV(m)) in the bulk of ventricular myocardium (so-called virtual electrodes), but experimental proof of this hypothesis is absent. Here, intramural shock-induced DeltaV(m) were measured for the first time in isolated preparations of left ventricle (LV) by an optical mapping technique. ...
متن کاملInvestigating the role of the coronary vasculature in the mechanisms of defibrillation.
BACKGROUND The direct role of coronary vessels in defibrillation, although hypothesized to be important, remains to be elucidated. We investigated how vessel-induced virtual electrode polarizations assist reentry termination. METHODS AND RESULTS A highly anatomically detailed rabbit ventricular slice bidomain computer model was constructed from 25-μm magnetic resonance data, faithfully repres...
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